The Last Moments of Saint Mary Magdalene

buy custom The World’s Gun Control essay

buy custom The World’s Gun Control essay The worlds gun control lobbyists promote the theory enthusiastically, namely the International Network for Small Arms (IANSA), a network, which regional and national gun control lobbyists belong. IANSAs director, on behalf of the group, endorsed the prohibition of firearm for self-defense possession. IANSA works toward the overall confiscation of non-governmentally firearms, with an exception for low-power rifles and single-shot guns owned by hunters. Amnesty International also works closely with IANSA together with Oxfam, with the three forming a lobbying group referred to as Control Arms. The IANSA in collaboration with the United Nations, work in collaboration to support a common agenda. This has had a radical effect on the right to defend one-self (Shute Hurley 38). The right to defend one-self in English law is generally a complete defense of all levels of assault. Charles argues that it can be of use in mitigating liability from situations of murder to manslaughter (213). This is in the case where a police officer or a soldier acting in his duty uses a stronger degree of force than expected or necessary for self-defense. Therefore, self-defense is discernible from provocation that only applies in mitigating what would otherwise change from murder to manslaughter (Todd 145). Scott says that because of the defense completeness, Self-defense in interpretation is relatively conservative as a way to avoid the creation of a standard of justification (134-143). The more level of forgiving a defense is the superior the incentive for a defendant to; relatively exploit it when making plans for the use of violence or in the attempt of explaining matters after the self-defense event (Scott 134-143). Therefore, even if the jury in cases of self-defense is entitled to take account of the actual physical characteristics of the respective defendant, the corrected evidence has little value in making decisions whether excessive force was of use in such an event (Robertson John 76-79). The law states, "A defendant has a right to use reasonable force in the event of protecting himself, as well as others for whom he holds responsibility as well as his property but the force must be reasonable." In the right to defend one-self, there is a controversy of what force is exactly reasonable as stipulated in the law. Opinions differ, and many scholars and organizations have different perspectives on the issue of reasonable force. The question underlying this is what the reasonable amount of force would be (Shute Hurley 38). However, in all cases, the respective defendant does not truly have the right of deciding how much force is so-called reasonable because it would be a norm for the defendant in maintaining the reasonable force (Forsythe 18-27). This would also contradict the isue of guiltiness because situations vary as explained in the earlier discussion, in this paper. Some situations do not even warrant any use of force and therefore, the defendants would use the concept of reasonable force to while away their guilt (David Joanne 43178). The jury, as members of the general community, should be the ones to decide the level or degree of reasonable force depending on the circ umstances that the defendants were at the time when they executed the right to defend one-self (Michael 156). Robertson John also argues that it is pertinent that the respective defendant was under pressure in situations of attack, and the imminent attack would not give him time act rational or make considerations of the amount of force used (76-79). Therefore, in executing a judgment on the right to defend one-self the test should balance the standard of a pertinent reasonable person through the attribution of some of the relative, subjective knowledge of the respective defendant, with an inclusion of their beliefs about the specific circumstances (Shute Hurley 38). However, even permitting for mistakes made in the event of crisis, the degree of force must also be proportionate as well as reasonable given the interests protected as well as the harm likely to occur by use of such force (Charles 213). The classic test on the right to defend one-self comes from the Jamaican Palmer v The Queen case, on appeal presented to the Privy Council in the year 1971. It espouses, "The defense in the event of self-defense is that which can be or will be understood readily by any jury. It is a type of a straightforward conception. Generally, it involves no particular form of abstruse legal thought. The defense only requires common sense for its understanding (Shute Hurley 38). The same is both convenient sense and reputable law that an attacked man may reiterate by defending himself (Forsythe 18-27). It is both convenient sense and reputable law that the man may do it, but may do, what is only and reasonably necessary. However, everything will be dependent upon the particular circumstances and facts (Todd 145). It may, in particular cases be, clearly possible and sensible to take candid avoiding action. There are attacks that may be dangerous and serious while others may not (Michael 156). If there were relatively some minor attack in the event, it would not be reasonable to allow some action of retaliation that was wholly over the proportion of the respective situation (David Joanne 43178). If an attack is severe and serious putting someone in instantaneous peril then direct defensive action might be relatively necessary (Shute Hurley 38). If the situation is one of predicament for someone in danger, he may have to literally, avert the danger through some instant reaction. When the attack is over and noo peril remains, then it is expected that the force employment ceases, and the introduction of revenge or even some form of punishment done through either paying off or pure aggression (Charles 213). There may not be any link with an inevitability of defense particularly when a jury thinks that in the situation of unexpected anguish an individual attacked only did what he instincti vely and honestly thought as necessary as the most potent evidence only reasonable as a defensive action" (Scott 134-143). Robertson John argues that the right to defend one-self is also dependent on the intent or the reason for holding the weapon (76-79). He gives an example in explaining the right to defend one-self. He illustrates that in R v Lindsay (2005), the defendant who was said to pick up a sword in defending himself after an attack in his home by masked intruders armed with handguns, cut and killed one of the attackers. He slashed him repeatedly using a sword in self-defense. The prosecution case read that, although he initially had acted in self-defense, he lost self-control and in the process demonstrating a clear intent of killing the armed intruder because, he slashed continuously (Forsythe 18-27). In fact, he was himself a cannabis dealer keeping the sword available in defending him against fellow drug dealers. The Court of Appeal did confirm an eight-year term for him to serve imprisonment (Shute Hurley 38). In a non-criminal context, this would not be the expectation for the case of o rdinary householders "going too far" to defend themselves against armed robbers (Todd 145). They would receive a self-defense probe because of the intention of their act as well as the possession of the weapon (David Joanne 43178). In explaining the right to defend one-self, the most astonishing claim is the Frey report, that there is no right of humans of self-defense. The reports states, No international right of human of self-defense is set forth expressly in the sources of international law including customary law, treaties, or general principles (David Joanne 43178). While the human right to life is evident in practically every foremost human rights treaty internationally, the right to defend one-self is expressly recognized only in one, that is, Protection of Human Rights Convention and Fundamental Freedoms (European Human Rights Convention) (Michael 156). In conclusion, the right to defend one-self is extremely wide and covered by many scholars but the international law has still not appropriately mandated the use of defense especially use of restrictive gun control. The issue is also wide as it covers key areas in self-defense including others and own property. There is therefore, need for specialty in each subject and a cardinal in each subject individually covered to cover the issue subjectively. Buy custom The World’s Gun Control essay

Crimes committed by teenagers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Crimes committed by teenagers - Essay Example As Allen (1996) observes, in many parts of the world, some teens have been engaged in criminal activities because their families do not want to take up responsibilities. So many teens have been neglected by family members who leave them to fend for themselves due to economic hardship, or perhaps because of their (family) negligence. In order to make ends meet such teens have always found themselves doing such criminal activities like robbing with violence. Teens might also find themselves committing criminal activities as a way of revenging for what society has done to them - they will always feel that society has forgotten them and that they are the wretched of the earth.Fourthly, some families have either knowingly or unknowingly entrusted their teenage children with a lot of decision making. It must be understood that in as much as a teen may tend to be mature, one thing families should know is that such children might not be physically or emotionally mature for such decision maki ng. They are sometimes bound to make the very wrong decision, which may result from criminal activities. The law should not be lenient to such family members because it is their responsibility to instill discipline and to control them until they reach the maturity stage where they can be left to take up their personal responsibilities. Making parents pay for the crimes committed by their teenage children along with their teens is something which should not be debated on.

The Relationship Between Business Ethics and Organizational Culture Essay

The Relationship Between Business Ethics and Organizational Culture - Essay Example Research into cultural variables has been carried out and the outcome reveals that the ethical perception of an organization is dependent on its organizational behavior. Other researchers have also revealed that employees’ behavior is hugely influenced by value system organizational culture. It has been discovered that unethical and illegal conduct by corporate agents has a huge capability of creating adverse effects on the immediate stakeholders. Culture is perceived to be just one of the variables that influence an organization as a whole but with very significant effects. The leadership and members of an organization have a big role to play in constructing, enforcing and retaining the culture within their organization since culture can easily be manipulated by these very same people. Organizational culture can be viewed from various approaches. The first approach involves a traditional perspective; this involves objectives matter such as: rituals, symbolism and tales. Secon dly, it can be viewed from an interpretive perspective; this involves the study of how members of a given organization could be having a common subjective meaning towards the organization. Lastly, organizational culture can be viewed from a critical-interpretive perspective; this involves the study of the common subjective meanings within an organization and the possible struggles for power that could be brought about by the competition among the subjective meaning. Although there are a few commonalities, organizational culture widely varies from one organization to another. Enron Corporation was once one of the most successful corporations with almost everything handled in the correct manner. It was known for its comprehensive management control and a proper system of governance which led the corporation to winning several awards in acknowledgement of the same. However things started getting out of hand in the company when unethical organizational culture found its way into the fir m. The poor organizational culture involved emergence of irregularities in the financial statements of the firm and embezzlement of funds in the form of using company working capital for personal purposes that are not included in the company budget. The case of Enron provides a firsthand example of how inadequate attention to alteration in cultural practices and leadership of a firm can results to its downfall despite there being a proper management system in place. This is a clear indication that the effectives of variables such as proper management system control heavily rely on an organization’s leadership and culture. Under the tenure of Richard Kinder as the company chief executive officer, the company incurred bad losses which led to some of the investors withdrawing their investments from the company. However, Richard Kinder was well known for his high levels in discipline in handling matters involving both employees and figures. He kept the business unit leaders on to es with numerous challenges. He also kept a close look on matters pertaining to expenses, cash flows and employee levels. But all this did not yield any positive results in preventing the company from incurring losses. However, things changed drastically with the appointment of Jeffrey Skilling as the new chief executive officer to replace Richard Kinder. The organizational culture of the company was also set to change widely with the introduction of a new chief executi

Necessity be the mother of invention Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Necessity be the mother of invention - Essay Example Also any decline in the gross domestic production for more than two successive quarters is referred to as recession. When recession falls on a society, it is applicable on the producers, consumers, business organizations, industrialists, in short the whole society. In times of recession, the society affected, should aim on producing innovating and sustainable methods to provide means of reduction in the recession instead of reducing number of businesses, firing employees, reduction in usage of technologies developed from before. Innovation can play its role in the society by pushing recession backwards, and if that is not possible than it can at least stop recession from growing and bringing the economy further down. This can be achieved by long-term strategies and public investments in different fields especially growth sectors to provide better technologies so that recession does not overtake the society and the economic demands of the people of that society. Recession leading to i nnovation and prosperity As recession progresses, a decrease in the trading and industrial activities is witnessed. This is a negative respond by the business organizations and industrialists. ... When these business organizations decrease their work out put, they have less work load which is why they fire their employees; increasing the rate of unemployment and making the society feel that real recession has approached. This is a negative response to recession by the business organizations which leads the economy towards a downfall. A more positive approach would be to increase work load by increasing work out put with the help of more employees. This way the employees will not feel the burden of recession and they will work with devotion for their company or firm. These are some of the main reasons of progression of recession. One major cause is inflation. It is referred to as a rise in the price of goods and services. When recession occurs, the customers spend less and save more money on goods especially with their inflated prices. Therefore, fewer amounts of goods can be purchased, reducing sales. Inflation can be caused by different factors such as increase in the product ion costs, increased energy costs and national debt. When a company faces severe consequences of recession, it tends to decrease the quality by cutting production costs hence cost of the product is lowered. The change of quality of products neglects the requirements and needs of the customer. Instead of compromising on quality of product, the organizations along with their researchers should work on reprocessing the methods of making the products and by taking the risk of introducing new products. Innovating new products will earn the organization confidence of the customer, and when the period of recession ends, the customers will continue to look up to that organization that took care of their needs in times of crisis. This way the company which allows innovations will run

The importance of enterprise computing to enhance business performance

The importance of enterprise computing to enhance business performance Introduction Nowadays Information technology has a rapid growth. Almost every day there are new ideas to improve the performance of technology. It cannot be denied that people who lives today unconsciously depends on technology. Each task did by the people gets many help from technology. For an instance, a hand phone that help us to communicate with our colleagues, the internet that serve certain time information for us and many more technology which made our daily activity become easier. At least we can follow the technology progress so that we dont left behind. Technology has an important role both in our lives and business. A company or organization need to know about the technology to help them to running their task in easier way. They must change their manual way to the automatic one. The automatic system will help finishing several tasks easier. There are several benefits if an organization or a company applying the automatic system. One of the benefits is reducing the production time. Time is an important aspect furthermore now. One second its look like very expensive. Customer wants a product or services which available in certain time. This condition forces a company to work harder for supplying customer requirements. Another benefit is reducing a cost to hire an employee. The automatic system doesnt need many resources to handle the task. For an instance is a telecommunication company. The company doesnt need require many operators to answer customer question about their products or services. The customer only needs to dial a partic ular number suitable to the call center provided by the provider and they will be served by a voice system that will give all the information suitable with the customer requirement. With a hand phone, a customer can get all the information regarding their requirements anytime, anywhere they want. This is a fact that enterprise computing is helping to run a business whatever its scale or to made our daily activity easier. Suitable to the benefits offered by enterprise computing, it can be a references or as a base to keep developing an enterprise computing in the company it selves. Adopting an automatic system is a brilliant way for a company to keep producing and inventing for their own customer satisfaction. See how it is important of enterprise computing for a company to grow up their business and get more rating from their customer. Enterprise computing shouldnt only for a big scale business but also for intermediate and small business too. Essentially an intermediate and small business are need to make an invention to grow their scale to be a greater company that follow the competition with another company. In this case is about customer satisfaction and the effectiveness of work. There is a chance to grow up the scale of business to be the greater on is they can see the opportunity and keep adapt the technology which always change every time. It is because the technology can be applied to all business sectors. For an instance are healthy, agronomic, trading, farming and many others. It is why a company required the technology and enterprise computing in particular. The Enterprise Computing A company has its vision and mission to keep growing. It was suitable with their target stated before. A company commonly wants an improvement at all business sectors. Begin with the essential aspect such as competent human resources, smooth production process and of course good result for its customer. There is no company who wants regression happen on their business. Both Production Company and Service Company want a real improvement for their business. They want increase the effectiveness in doing their tasks, reducing production cost and get a good result. Then when the time has coming to a company to step their business level to the higher one. This company is on transition phase between small business to the intermediate or to the higher level. This phase force a company to change their system in doing all tasks. They must keep an eye to the technology trends. This is related to the pattern or the way how they do all the tasks. Usually it was triggered by customer requirements regarding their success providing a product or services. From the above illustration, a company must have a planning to make a brand new system for improving their available system now. In this case an enterprise computing is the best solution for a company. Enterprise computing offering an easier way to solve a complex task and produce a better results in the end. Enterprise computing it selves is an integrated system that helps a complex task by applying an automatic system or a computer. Enterprise computing has a tight relation with information and technology. In the other side information and technology has a rapid development. Because of that a company requires to follow the development of information and technology for applying enterprise computing it selves. Enterprise computing has a various methodology. It might be too complex to explain. But the main idea is changing the manual system to the automatic one. Imagine the old way of hiring an employee to the company. The HRD staff urgently needs to publish the recruitment opportunity with an advertisement. Then when the employee candidate know about the advertisement, he must be go to the company and asking whether the job still available or not. This way is wasting too much time. Let we compare with the automatic system. The HRD only need to post the job at the internet and providing a form for the employee candidate then when the registrant is enough, the HRD just need to call a several candidates to the next interview process. See how it more effective than the old way. High analysis technique and right implementation of enterprise computing are required. Enterprise computing is not an easy method. A company required to prepare all the plans in a good form and deep analyzing to what their requirement and in where aspect they need to change. The transition phase looks like a challenge for a company to determine their futures. It might be success or failed depends on what their plans before. They must think and forecast what probably happen with their plan yet. Then the percentage of success is higher then failed. In the end there will be a great result of changing their system to be an enterprise computing. There are several benefits of enterprise computing. But it also has a weakness. These two aspects required to analyze before applying enterprise computing for the company suitable with their own condition yet. Advantage and Disadvantage of Enterprise Computing There are several reasons why the enterprise computing might be failed to construct. As mentioned above that an enterprise computing required a deep analysis before implementing it to the current system. The company required to see from many points of view and recognize the information technology development. Then after all carefully analysis the plan should be conducted in a good form. The plan must cover all company requirements. The most important aspect to analyze before all steps of conducting enterprise computing are the advantage and disadvantage of it selves. With these comparisons, the expertise in the company can determine the best way and look for good opportunity to implement enterprise computing. Here are several main points of advantage and disadvantage of enterprise computing in improving business process. Advantage 1. Increase productivity This is the main advantage of enterprise computing. With the enterprise computing applied, a company is able to increase their production. Then they will be generating a product or services suitable to their customer requirements. 2. Reduce operational cost Enterprise computing doesnt need many resource involved in the system. For an instance is a process of recruiting an employee. The old system might be requiring a two or more HRD to handle the task. With enterprise computing applied, it might be able to do with only one HRD. The HRD only sit at the front of his desk and wait the candidates fill the recruitment form online. 3. Reduce operational time An instants product or service became a main aspect today. The faster is better. Enterprise computing is offering a minimal production time. The main concept is the different of conventional system and the automatic one. Automatic system is offering a better production time than conventional way. Each complex task can be done by automatic system without a problem. 4. Gain more result Customer satisfaction is the good result parameter for a company. Customer doesnt care how the process, they only want their requirement provided by a company anytime they need. This condition forces company to gain more result. Again enterprise computing is offering this. Disadvantage 1. Required high problem analysis It might be hard in the beginning of enterprise computing. As mentioned above that high analysis is required before conduct the system. There are many aspects to be analyzing in the beginning. Then the company did not made any mistakes in their planning. 2. Complex at the beginning The complexity of enterprise computing might be hard enough to implement for the beginning but it will not be a trouble anymore in the future. The complexity happens if there are no deep analysis to the problem occurred. This aspect also needs to get attention for developing enterprise computing. 3. Threat from external resource External resource such as a virus needs to get particular attention. The integrated system has a rapid data exchange inside the network. It triggers a new thread of virus attack. The system must able to defense itself from external threat. Installing a suitable antivirus is a good idea to keep the system running healthy and free from virus attack. Implementing Enterprise Computing Planning something is easier than implementing it. There are several main steps that need an attention to implement an enterprise computing to the current system. Here are the steps required. 1. Identify This is the root step of implementing enterprise computing. The entire problem needs to be identifying first. Each company has their own profile, condition and goal. They must gather its carefully. Essentially a company has a challenge to work more maximal. This is related to customer requirement. Customer has a requirement and a company need to satisfy them. If a company doesnt indentify it carefully, customer might be changed their mind to move to another company which can provide an interesting product. In the end this condition would be affecting to company income. Customer satisfaction is an instance of identification required aspect. A company must be more carefully in this step. So that the entire required aspect for developing would be indicate in a good pattern for smoothing the next step. 2. Analysis After the entire factor has been identified, the company needs to analyze it one by one. At this analysis procedure, a company required an expert. A good expertise can analyze a complex problem and break it down in to a part. Then each part is able analyzed by them. The main goal is to determine a plan and solving the problem suitable to a company profile. If each factor analyzed in a good ways then it will be easier to determine the plan. In the end of this step is a planning together with its functional concept and technical field that will be applying for the future. The concept of analyzing it selves must be applied at all business sector without ignoring a little aspect. So that the entire process will be generating a good plan which suitable to company profile. 3. Planning The entire factors that has been analyzed needs to determine a plan. For an instance are the determining of who will handle each task in the process, how far the anticipation if there any problem and the availability of the resource. The right plan will make a company easier to run the system in the future. In a planning process a company needs to compare with their condition right now. The goal is to use all available resource maximally. Then when the implementation is running this problem will not contradict against the internal condition of the company. A good determination of a plan will make the process smoother. The plan to develop an enterprise computing is only the beginning of all steps. The company needs to run this process faster and to the point to reduce the time. There are several complex steps forward. 4. Implementation Implementation is the main step of all recommended stages. The implementation step essentially is applying all plans conducted before. In fact, implementation is the most complex step. However a company doesnt feel afraid to face it. The prerequisite are they already identified, analyzing and planning a good strategy for this. Then at the implementation step they will not face a big problem. The implementation step needs a tight attention so that each plan conducted can be doing smoothly. Diligence of all staff also required at this step to prevent any problem occur that can be disturbing when running the implementation it selves. 5. Running The next step after the implementation of enterprise computing is running the new system. This is the time for the new system to get tested. A good testing is a testing process that covering all details of the system. Then if there any defect found, it can revise faster. A good system is a system with a minimum defect but usually there is no perfect system. Suitable with the previous statement, a company should be investigating the system carefully for their own benefits in the future. A company needs to compare the new system with the old one so that if there is any useful part of old system, it can be applied to the new one to get supported. 6. Maintenance Maintenance phase is a right step to review the new system which has done. At this phase, it might be raising any unpredictable defect. The defect raised can be the bigger or just a little. If this thing happened, the company needs to make a right problem solving in a certain time so that the running system will not disturb with any revising system. A stability of a system is a dream for each company in the world and its might be a prestige to another company for them. A company may get an award if they invented a new system that running smoothly. When the system is running properly then a company will get benefit of doing the entire jobs. They are six steps that need to get special attention from the company in developing an enterprise computing system. A company required to run the entire steps in the right way, so the process of developing an enterprise computing system can be running smoothly and generate a good system in the end. When building the system all staff need to work together. The goal is to gather all information regarding to the current condition of a company. It was important because each staff have a different point of view that maybe conducted to be a good idea. Then when the system is ready to use, all staff will know how to run the system properly. In the end it might be not easy to develop an enterprise computing system but for the internal improvement of the company this method can be implementing to the current system. Conclusion Great improvement of doing all tasks means great result too. This is a dream for each company. Then how to turn the dream in to reality is depends on the system applied. The enterprise computing is the important method. Learning how to apply it might be not easy as the theory but at least the concept of it covered the main sector of a business. With enterprise computing all task done effective and produce a good result. Its only requires a few resources to run the system. It means that the company doesnt require pay too much for employees salary. At this point, it can be conclude that the company reduces the operational cost. There are other benefits of enterprise computing. They are figured that enterprise computing is very useful to improve the business performance. The main idea of enterprise computing is business agility. A business performance is very important in this case. The complexity of each task is needed to break into a part. It is why an enterprise computing is very important here. Enterprise computing is able to do each task effectively. With its capability of doing task effectively, an enterprise computing is suitable for any kind of business sector. Talking about business agility means that the company needs to always ready for the external changes. For an instance if there is any new technology which made their current system left behind, they must adapt the new system as soon as possible. It is because keep the system always update are necessary for the company so that the behavior of the system always adapt the new technology. Enterprise computing not only applicable for big scale business but also for small or intermediate business scale. The different might be only the form of a system development. It cant be denied that big scale business has more chance to develop an enterprise system in a good form. A big scale business has more resource and of course more expertise to analyze the problem occurred. However the smaller business scale has a chance too, even with their restricted resources. Both of them have a same opportunity to improve their business performance. The ideas of enterprise computing are applicable for them no matter about their level. It was their right to be more success on their business.

China and Tibet Essay -- History Politics Government Essays

China and Tibet - Historical Territorial Integrity, Rights to Self-Determination, and The Anatomy of Compromise â€Å"The issue involved is the extinction of the people, the Tibetan People†¦No sir, what I have in mind is the extinction of the Tibetans as a distinct people, with its traditions, its own way of life and its own type of religion.† Tsiang, China’s Permanent UN Representative, 1953 â€Å"The Communist have, for the past 50 years, imposed their revolution upon unwilling Tibetan peasants and nomads, and have ruled Tibet by threat, or often the actual use, of force. But force alone cannot, in the long-run sustain any illegitimate domination.† Dawa Norbu, 1999 â€Å"Tibetans are shouldering the responsibility of our freedom struggle with undiminishing determination and indomitable sprit†¦ With my homage to the brave men and women of Tibet who have died for the cause of freedom, I pray for an early end to the suffering of our people.† His Holiness, The Dalai Lama, 1999 The Tibet question, in its simplest form, concerns the natural rights of the Tibetan people to self-determination, against the People’s Republic of China’s rights to territorial integrity. The debate has been unable to reach any sort of international consensus because of the difficult legal and historical views. China insists that they have sovereignty over Tibet, as the Tibetan Plateau has been within its boundaries for over seven hundred years. China employs the â€Å"17-Point Peace Plan† as notarization for this claim. This mutually signed Agreement resulted in the â€Å"liberation† of Tibetans from feudal serfdom in 1951. Since then the People’s Republic of ... ...nd The Dalai Lama, Pg.15 [18] Dawa Norbu, China’s Tibet Policy, Pg. 381 [19] Nathan Sivin, The Contemporary Chinese Almanac, Pg.52 [20] Nathan Sivin, The Contemporary Chinese Almanac, Pg. 52 [21] The House of International Relations Committee: U.S. Policy Considerations In Tibet, March 2000 [22] Dawa Norbu, China’s Tibet Policy, Pg. 230 [23] Eric S. Margolis, War at the Top of the World, Pg. 180 [24] Dawa Norbu, China’s Tibet Policy, Pg. 230 [25] The House of International Relations Committee: The status of negotiations between China and Tibet, April 2000 [26] David Little and Scott W. Hibbard, Sino-Tibetan Co-Existence: Creating Space for Tibetan Self-Direction, USIP 1993 [27] The House of International Relations Committee: The status of negotiations between China and Tibet, January 2003

Speech on Belonging

Belonging is usually defined as being accepted into and by members of a family, group, class, race, community or school. The term belonging means something different to everyone but most people will come up with the words acceptance, security and identity. In this speech I have chosen to talk about the aspects of belonging and not belonging in two of Peter Skrzynecki’s Poems, Migrant Hostel and 10 Mary Street and also in the 1997 film ‘Titanic’. In Peter Skrzynecki’s Migrant Hostel, he talks about the 2 years of his life that he and most of his family lived in a Migrant hostel in Parkes after coming to Australia after World War 2 from Poland and leaving most of his family and polish heritage behind. This poem gives the responder a sense of confusion about whether he belongs or not to this migrant hostel. Skrzynecki creates this confusion by contrasting the family’s sense of belonging to the hostel with the family’s confusion about whether or not they actually belonged to the Australian soil. Although the migrant hostel was their home for 2 years there was always so many people coming and going that it didn’t really feel like a home which made it really hard to create a sense of belonging as a community. Techniques used by Skrzynecki to create this sense of confusion about belonging are juxtaposition or contrast for example in the last stanza on the 6th line â€Å"Needing its sanction To pass in and out of lives That had only begun Or were dying† This can be referred to as when people arrive at the hostel their lives are just beginning as they have a second chance to start their lives over again and forget about the past and what has happened and concentrate on the future and then when they leave the hostel they feel lost because they are on unknown land and they feel they don’t really fit in with the Australian lifestyle as they have their own background and heritage to maintain. This uote could also mean the opposite when they leave they have a chance to start over and renew there lives again and when they are in the hostel they are trapped and don’t know what to do or who they are. Symbolism is another technique Skrzynecki uses in this poem. In ‘Migrant hostel’ he uses birds as a symbol of being trapped. For example the third stanza ‘For over two years We lived like birds of passage- Always sensing a change In the weather: Unaware of the season Whose track we would follow’ This example shows how the people in the hostel where hardly allowed outside, which shows that they were basically trapped inside and away from everyone else. Another technique Skrzynecki uses is rhetorical device; this technique shows the confusion of the people inside the hostel, for example in the first stanza 6th line â€Å"That left us wondering who would be coming next. † This example shows the confusion the people had, and how uncertain things were for them, they didn’t know who was going to come through the gate next or who was going to leave. Also in this poem Skrzynecki uses an extended metaphor. In this poem the bird symbol is also used as the extended metaphor. In this poem he uses refers to a homing pigeon to deepen the sense of instinctual behavior for example in the second stanza 1st line ‘Nationalities sought Each other out instinctively Like a homing pigeon Circling to get its bearings’ this example shows how the people are coming together and finding each other through their background and where they came from. The last technique that Skrzynecki uses in this poem is similes. For example n the last stanza 4th line ‘As it rose and fell like a finger’ this particular simile refers to the gate out the front of the hostel, it shows how they were isolated from the rest of the country by that gate and that they had no control over when that gate opened or closed. It makes the hostel sound like a jail. In Skrzynecki’s poem ‘10 Mary Street’ he is describing his life in his fir st ever home on Australian soil, this poem has a greater sense of belonging as he is more comfortable in Mary street, and he has a greater sense of belonging to his family, his home, his school, his community and is comfortable with his migrant past. Skrzynecki and his family lived at 10 Mary Street for 19 years before the house got knocked down. During this poem Skrzynecki has no sense of doubt or uncertainty about who he is or where he is going. This poem gives a strong sense of happiness and content within his life as the language is light and joyful, as he remembers certain things about that house and life within it. Skrzynecki uses techniques such as personification

Johnny Carson Ancestry and Family Tree

Johnny Carson Ancestry and Family Tree John William Johnny Carson (October 23, 1925 Ââ€" January 23, 2005 was an American actor, comedian and writer best known for his tenure as host of The Tonight Show from 1962 until 1992. Born in Corning, Iowa to Homer Lee Kit Carson (no relation to the famous western hero) and Ruth Hook Carson, Johnny grew up with his parents, older sister, Catherine, and younger brother, Richard (Dick), in Nebraska. Johnny Carson married his college sweetheart Joan Wolcott on October 1, 1949. They had 3 sons. In 1963, Carson divorced Joan and married Joanne Copeland on August 17, 1963. After another divorce, he and former model Joanna Holland were married on September 30, 1972. This time, it was Holland who filed for a divorce in 1983. Johnny then married Alexis Maas on June 20, 1987, a marriage that survived happily until Carsons death in January 2005. Tips for Reading This Family Tree First Generation: 1. John William (Johnny) CARSON was born on 23 Oct 1925 in Corning, Iowa.1 He died of emphysema on 23 Jan 2005 in Malibu, California. Second Generation: 2. Homer Lee (Kit) CARSON2,3 was born on 4 Oct 1899 in Logan, Harrison Co., Iowa.4 He died on 9 Apr 1983 in Paradise Valley, Scottsdale, Arizona.5 Homer Lee (Kit) CARSON and Ruth HOOK were married in 1922.6 3. Ruth HOOK7 was born in Jul 1901 in Jackson Township, Taylor Co., Iowa.8 She died in 1985. Homer Lee (Kit) CARSON and Ruth HOOK had the following children: i. Catherine Jean CARSON was born in Dec 1923 in Hand Hospital, Shenandoah, Iowa.81  Ã‚  ii. John William (Johnny) CARSON.iii. Richard Charles (Dick) CARSON was born on 4 Jun 1929 in Clarinda, Page Co., Iowa.9 Third Generation: 4. Christopher N. (Kit) CARSON2,3,10,11 was born in Jan 1874 in Monona Co., Iowa. Christopher N. (Kit) CARSON and Ella B. HARDY were married on 28 Dec 1898 in Harrison Co., Iowa.12 5. Ella B. HARDY2,3,10,13 was born on 18 Nov 1876 in Magnolia, Jefferson Co., Iowa. She died on 20 Aug 1967. Christopher N. (Kit) CARSON and Ella B. HARDY had the following children: 2 i. Homer Lee (Kit) CARSON.ii. Charles E. CARSON3 was born about 1907 in Logan, Harrison Co., Iowa.iii. Raymond E. CARSON10 was born about 1913 in Logan, Harrison Co., Iowa.iv. Doris A. CARSON10 was born about 1918 in Logan, Harrison Co., Iowa. 6. George William HOOK14 was born on 27 Dec 1870 or 1871 in Lowry, St. Clair Co., Missouri.15 He died of a heart attack on 21 Dec 1947 in Bedford, Taylor Co., Iowa. He is buried in Fairview Bedford Cemetery, Taylor Co., Iowa. George William HOOK and Jessie BOYD were married on 19 Sep 1900.15-17 7. Jessie BOYD6 was born on 6 Jul 1876 in Taylor County, Iowa.16 She died of grief on 20 Jun 1911 in Bedford, Taylor Co., Iowa.16 She is buried in Fairview Bedford Cemetery, Taylor Co., Iowa. George William HOOK and Jessie BOYD had the following children: 3  Ã‚  i. Ruth HOOKii. John W. HOOK6 was born in 1904 in Bedford, Taylor County, Iowa.18 He died of peritonitis in May 1911 in Bedford, Taylor County, Iowa.19iii. Mary HOOK6 was born in Feb 1906 in Taylor County, Iowa.20,21iv. Florence HOOK6 was born in Feb 1910. She died in Feb 1910.22,23v. Jessie Boyd HOOK was born in Jun 1911.24 Fourth Generation: 8. Marshall CARSON11,25-28 was born on 14 Mar 1835 in Maine. He died on 21 May 1922 in Logan, Harrison County, Iowa. He is buried in Logan Cemetery, Harrison County, Iowa. Marshall CARSON and Emeline (Emma) KELLOGG were married on 17 Jul 1870 in Washington County, Nebraska. 9. Emeline (Emma) KELLOGG11,26-28 was born on 18 May 1847 in Fayette, Indiana. She died on 12 Feb 1922 in Harrison County, Iowa. She is buried in Logan Cemetery, Harrison County, Iowa. Marshall CARSON and Emeline (Emma) KELLOGG had the following children: 4  Ã‚  i. Christopher N. (Kit) CARSON.ii. Angie CARSON11 was born about 1875 in Nebraska.iii. Phebe CARSON11 was born about 1877 in Iowa.iv. Amilda CARSON11 was born about 1879 in Iowa.v. Ora CARSON26 was born in Jun 1881 in Harrison Co., Iowa.vi. Edgar M. CARSON26 was born in Feb 1882 in Harrison Co., Iowa.vii. Fred G. CARSON26-28 was born in Jul 1885 in Harrison County, Iowa. He died in 1923 in Harrison Co., Iowa.viii. Herbert E. CARSON26,27,29 was born in Dec 1890 in Harrison Co., Iowa. 10. Samuel Tomlinson HARDY10,13,30,31 was born on 1 May 1848 in Angola, Steuben Co., Indiana. He died on 21 Jul 1933 in at the home of his daughter, Mrs. C. N. Carson in Logan, Harrison Co., Iowa. Samuel Tomlinson HARDY and Viola Millicent VINCENT were married on 30 Jun 1872 in Iowa. 11. Viola Millicent VINCENT13,30,32 was born on 2 Apr 1855. She died on 3 May 1935 in Harrison Co., Iowa. Samuel Tomlinson HARDY and Viola Millicent VINCENT had the following children: i. Loyd HARDY13 was born about 1866 in Iowa.ii. Louis HARDY13 was born about 1870 in Iowa.5 iii. Ella B. HARDY.iv. Delaven H. HARDY13,30 was born in Aug 1879 in Iowa.30v. Bruce L. HARDY30 was born in Sep 1881 in Iowa.30vi. Gladys HARDY30 was born in Oct 1896 in Iowa.30

Captain Grays journal Essay Example

Captain Grays journal Essay Example Captain Grays journal Essay Captain Grays journal Essay An unusual static and void nocturnal silence hovered above Beaumont Hamel. Sitting in his dugout, Captain Gray couldnt find any suitable words to send to his wife. His instincts told him that to write a letter would be equivalent to saying farewell, an idea he deplored as it bordered with superstition. Grays eyelids were heavy, but no slumber seemed to follow this natural sign of exhaustion. With his brain filled with confused angry thoughts he opened his journal. Seeing the blank page, the monotonous parallel lines made the thoughts in his mind seem grotesque, exaggerated and monstrous! Eventually they twisted themselves into acceptable words that came streaming down onto the page like dark water percolating through a stoved ships side. Gray wrote; Constant vigilance is the key to survive this War. Tommorow we shall attack, or rather poke the hundred headed Ladon with a twig. I know I mustnt break down, for as a commanding officer I must be an example to my men. I shall grit my teeth and be with them until my time comes. The men must must believe in their officers and have reason to do so. It has been agreed that if I am to fall, Wraysford will take over my platoon. I am glad about this arrangement; I like and trust that laddie, despite the fact that I find him difficult to read. He didnt back out when he was given the chance, now I am convinced hell manage this. Our lives depend on strategies, on strategies and also irresponsible and embarrasingly well educated generals, who still seem to think of this slaughter as of a welcome release from a decadent existance. The 29th Division are waiting for us and I fail to see the point of this codswallop about the wire being cut, when it isnt!?! One would think wed have the advantage of the night on our side at least, but no! A generation of young men, to which I belong. must march in daylight like slow approaching targets up hill oblivious to the suicide they are commiting. Faith pushes them, like it pushed inocent Tess Durbeyfield into Alec violent posession. We all shall become less inocent against our will tommorrow He paused, unable to continue, wiping a bead of nervous sweat from just below the point where his brown hair began to grow on his forehead. Putting his pen down he stood up, knocking over a glass, that still had the traces of dried golden whisky, from the improvised bookshelf that hung low over his bed. The fragile transparent solid cracked as it hit the floor. Gray automatically swore and disposed of the pieces, cutting a finger as he did so. He took out his cigarette case from its usual pocket, lit the last one remaining and inhaled the familiar, appealing and reassuring poison of the tobacco, feeling the welcome numbness disperse through the veins in his once youthful body. The solitude in which he performed this ritual, though unusual for him. Satisfied his need for escapism. The smell lingered in his well shaped moustache as he went back to his entry and wrote; Barclay is barking mad to have agreed to this; either that or as short sighted as Haig or Rawlinson. Remarkable what rank can do to a character, although I doubt that he was less ignorant in the past. He just doesnt seem to realize that were not playing a game and that hes not commanding toy armies, but young men of flesh and red hot blood, who will die while he drinks ruby wine in a peaceful garden. Dinner at Beaupaume indeed! I am sorry for the men hes in charge of, who understand just what an abomination he is. As much as I enjoy a good meal, I dont think that I would take much pleasure in a victorious dinner at the cost of half my country. I would rather continue sharing my rations or my favourite walnut cake that Joyce sometime sends me and know Im having it in the worthy company of my comrades.. Gray swallowed and closed the diary. He lay back suppressing tears of forced resolution. Clutching the book in his hand, he let his meditation sidetrack to images of his wife and home in Edinburgh. As he entered into a reverie, he saw her reading his journal, weeping. He dreamt for an hour, suffering nightmare after nightmare. At eleven thirty, when his batman Watson pulled him out of a macabre dreamt up game of pelmanism that involved parts of the human body, Gray was temporarily relieved. That didnt last long, for as he walked towards the loud speaker, he felt that nothing had prepared him for what he was expected to do. ;

Investigate a social or business issue using statistical techniques Research Paper

Investigate a social or business issue using statistical techniques (including Excel graphs), analysis and interpretation - Research Paper Example In recent years, research has concentrated on the relationship between sex differences and academic performance in various academic levels. For example, Kenney-Benson et al. (2006) conducted a research in European and North American countries on the impact of gender on academic performance. The results were that girls outperform boys even in math-related subjects, such as mathematics. These results are supported by several other researchers, such as Pomerantz, Altermatt and Saxon (2002). However, they contradict the National Science Foundation’ statement that boys outperform girls in math subjects. Further, they oppose previous findings, such as those made by Hyde, Fennema and Lamon (1990) that boys outdo girls in mathematics. There is, therefore, a conflict with respect to boys’ and girls’ performance. It could be that girls are gradually outdoing boys academically such that conclusions from research activities conducted several years ago are no longer true. There is a dire need to establish a fact regarding differences in boys and girls with respect to their academic performance. This paper seeks to clear the air by reviewing and analyzing research results to determine if girls are actually outdoing boys academically. The paper makes use of secondary data to do the analysis and concludes that boys outdo girls academically. Table 1 suggests that boys in general perform better than girls in mathematics related subjects, but girls outdo boys in arts subjects, such as languages. However, when the two variables are subject to overall performance, it is apparent that age plays a role in determining their performance. However, boys are seen to perform better than girls do at all academic levels with the difference in academic performance increasing as they advance in years. Results also indicate that academic performance stagnates or even declines as boys and girls get older. Table three shows interesting results- that boys repeat

The Ways We Lie by Stephanie Ericsson Coursework

The Ways We Lie by Stephanie Ericsson - Coursework Example Ericsson creates a very good impression of the article from the very start by giving an account of her own lies she told to avoid hurting people or to save herself from some loss which encourages the readers to move forward and analyse his own. Her verification of the impossibility of spending the whole day without a lie makes her sound natural. Her deep inspections of the reasons behind the small lies which are spoken by people justify them for being spoken with good intensions. At the same time her example of those lies which, though spoken to save people from being hurt, but affecting them for longer period of times as the truth make them cherish hopes and take wrong decisions confirms her consciousness about the sensitivity of the subject she is handling. She has also informed the readers about her own confusion about deciding between telling a lie or speaking the truth makes the readers take the matter seriously while keeping in mind the consequences of both options. The format that she has chosen to express her observation and analysis makes her sound precise and focussed avoiding unnecessary details as she has divided the subject matter into types and further elaboration is given in points. Ericsson’s attempt to include different types of people telling different types of lies in variety of situations demonstrates her vivacious effort to make the article comprehensive. To gain this effect she even touches the sublime issues and illustrates the universal existence of lie. But the fine analysis of the article finds many loopholes in this piece of work. The main loophole that dissatisfy the reader is its lack of proper presentation of the subject matter even its being organized as it gives so many examples under the heading f different types of lies but there is lack of reason that why people do not find enough courage to speak the truth and rely on lies. She finds that lying finally puts one at losing end but she does not provide the readers with th e solution of avoiding it or the way that makes the listener less offended and accept the truth. At some points readers get confused at the repetition of the ideas and remain unable to distinguish one type of lie from the other. Though the examples about the lies are interesting but the reader still finds boredom as they keep on going without any diversity in the idea and thus the format has failed to enhance the understanding of the reader. Lies however destructive may be but there is no denying the fact that they are inevitable in daily life and are often told with good intentions so as to save close friends or relatives to from being hurt. People tell lies to avoid problems and gain material benefits without putting any other person in loss. Some people do so as do not have the courage to speak truth and escape the reality by telling a lie to not only others but also to themselves. There come many situations in life when people find refuge in the domain of lie and save themselves from harm and do not feel guilty as they do reasoning within themselves and find their lie a justified act. The White Lie is the most common type of lie that people usually speak to maintain good relationships and build their own good reputation and the consequences of these lie do not bring any harm to any of the persons. For example, a person arranges a party at his home and invites some of his close friends to spend some quality time with him. Now, another close friend of